Notes from Wikiquote
The empirical or case approach : The members of this school study management by analyzing experience, usually through cases... | The interpersonal behavior approach: This approach is apparently based on the thesis that managing involves getting things done through people, and that therefore the study of management should be centered on interpersonal relations... | The group behavior approach : This approach is ... primarily with behavior of people in groups rather than with interpersonal behavior... | The cooperative social system approach : A modification of the interpersonal and group behavior approaches has been the focus of some behavioral scientists on the study of human relationships as cooperative social systems... | The sociotechnical systems approach : One of the newer schools of management identifies itself as the sociotechnical systems approach... | The decision theory approach : This approach to management theory and science has apparently been based on the belief that, because it is a major task of managers to make decisions, we should concentrate on decision making... | The systems approach ; ... the systems approach to the study and analysis of management thought... | The mathematical or "management science" approach : There are some theorists who see managing as primarily an exercise in mathematical processes, concepts, symbols, and models... | The contingency or situational approach : ... the contingency approach to management. | The managerial roles approach :... popularized by Henry Mintzberg [1973, 1975]... | The operational approach : The operational approach to management theory and science, a term borrowed from the work of P. W. Bridgman [1938, pp. 2-32], attempts to draw together the pertinent knowledge of management by relating it to the functions of managers... | The nature of the operational approach can perhaps best be appreciated by reference to Figure 1. As this diagram shows, the operational management school of thought includes a cent