Bruno was the first philosopher to speculate seriously aboutthe possibility of life on other planets, and he believed nature to be one vast continuum wherein all life is constantly created and transformed.

The mystical and magical aspects of Bruno's thought did not obscure his anti-Christian bias, nor did they undermine the coherency of his natural philosophy. Likewise his flirtation with court circles did not render mute his outspoken republicanism. He praised the Roman Republic not because it had been favored by fortune but because its citizens had been truly virtuous. In Bruno's thought we find the three thmes that will be consistently presented in the writings of eighteenth-century radcals: pantheistic materialism, the search for a religion of nature, and republicanism.