Systems thinking is only an epistemology, a particular way of describing the world. It does not tell us what the world is. Hence, strictly speaking, we should never say of something in the world: “It is a system,” only: “It may be described as a system.”

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Quote text and notes from Wikiquote: John Mingers (page history), available under CC BY-SA 4.0. Source quality and labels are our own summary of what Wikiquote records.