Notes from Wikiquote
- Because of the institutionalization of socially dominant interests, major innovations in the city’s role, meaning and structure tend to be the outcome of grassroots (people’s) mobilization and demands. When these mobilizations result in the transformation of the urban structure, we call them social movements | - Yet the process of urban social change cannot be reduced to the effects produced on the city by successful social movements. This means that a theory of urban social change must take in consideration the social and spatial effects resulting from the action of the dominant interests as well as from the grassroots alternative | - Although class relationships and class struggle are fundamental in understanding urban conflict, they are not the only primary source of urban social change. The role of the state, the ethnic and national movements and gender relationships are among other alternative sources of urban change | p. 291 as cited in: R. Helmich and A. Köppchen (2002) The City and social movements by Manuel Castells