Paolo Emilio Taviani (6 November 1912 – 18 June 2001) was an Italian political leader, economist, and historian of the career of Christopher Columbus. He was a partisan leader in Liguria, a Gold Medal of the Italian resistance movement, then a member of the Consulta (the national assembly gathered to direct the transformation of the monarchy into a republic) and the Constituent Assembly, later of the Italian Parliament from 1948 until his death.